• Aluminium pouches with a Microwell Plate coated with antibody to human sICAM-1 (8?12)
• 2 vials human sICAM-1 Standard lyophilized, 4000 pg/ml upon reconstitution
• 2 vials concentrated Biotin-Conjugate anti-human sICAM-1 antibody
• 2 vials Streptavidin-HRP solution
• 4 bottle Standard /sample Diluent
• 1 bottle Biotin-Conjugate antibody Diluent
• 1 bottle Streptavidin-HRP Diluent
• 1 bottle Wash Buffer Concentrate 20x (PBS with 1% Tween-20)
• 1 vial Substrate Solution
• 1 vial Stop Solution
• 4 pieces Adhesive Films
• package insert

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), also known as CD54, is a nearly ubiquitous transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a key role in leukocyte migration and activation . Human ICAM-1 contains five Ig-like domains in its extracellular domain (ECD) and associates into non-covalently linked dimers . Soluble forms of monomeric and dimeric ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) can be generated via proteolytic cleavage by cathepsin G, elastase, MMP-9, MMP-14/MT1-MMP, and TACE/ADAM17 . In the mouse, alternate splicing generates isoforms that lack particular Ig-like domains and are differentially sensitive to proteolysis . Within the ECD, human ICAM-1 shares 53% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat ICAM-1.

The principal binding partners of ICAM-1 are the leukocyte integrins LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) . The multivalency of dimeric ICAM-1 increases its strength of interaction with LFA-1 . ICAM-1 also binds several non-integrin ligands including CD43/sialophorin, fibrinogen, hyaluronan, rhinoviruses, and Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes . At sites of inflammation, ICAM-1 is upregulated on endothelial and epithelial cells where it mediates the adhesion and paracellular migration of leukocytes expressing activated LFA-1 and Mac-1 . ICAM-1 ligation prolongs antigen presentation by dendritic cells and promotes T cell proliferation and cytokine release . ICAM-1 activation also participates in angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone metabolism .

Soluble ICAM-1 has been reported in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid . Elevated levels of sICAM-1 in these fluids are associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, organ transplant dysfunction, oxidant stress, abdominal fat mass, hypertension, liver disease, and certain malignancies . sICAM-1 promotes angiogenesis and serves as an indicator of vascular endothelial cell activation or damage . It also functions as an inhibitor of transmembrane ICAM-1 mediated activities such as monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells and sensitivity of tumor cells to NK cell-mediated lysis .