Enoxaparin is an antithrombotic or anticoagulant agent of the heparin group. It is a low molecular weight heparin. This natural molecule, derived from pig intestinal mucus, reduces the blood clotting capacity and prevents the formation of clots. Enoxaparin is used for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can cause a serious condition called pulmonary embolism.

Coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19 ), which is caused by infection with CoV-2-SARS, appears to present a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to activation of the hemostatic system, which in the most severe cases may also be associated with microthrombus formation and clinically relevant disseminated intravascular coagulation. Concerns have been raised regarding the efficacy of thromboprophylaxis with standard doses of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). As a result, LMWHs at doses higher than those recommended for thromboprophylaxis are being used in some hospitals, although there is not yet any evidence of efficacy at higher doses compared to standard prophylactic doses. This practice may also increase the risk of major bleeding. Researchers designed a randomized trial comparing the standard prophylactic dose of subcutaneous enoxaparin with a higher dose to test whether high-dose thromboprophylaxis is more effective than standard dose in preventing VTE in COVID-19 patients. The trial was designed to test whether high-dose thromboprophylaxis is more effective than standard dose in preventing VTE in COVID-19 patients. The trial was conducted in a randomized trial of COVID-19 patients in the United States.